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- 朝野裕一
運動の発達とは3
運動発達は、個人と環境、課題の三つからなる相互作用によってもたら
される、運動行動の徐々に進む(漸進的)変化のことを言います。

個人とは、遺伝的特徴や個性、個人独自の運動発達のタイミングやパタ
ーン(正常な発達基準は存在します)などのことを指します。
環境は特定の環境条件、運動を行う物理的な環境をはじめ、練習の機会
や励ましや指導などを含む子どもの周り全体の状況を指します。
課題は、運動の課題それ自身が持つ様々な条件を指します。
物をジャンプ/背伸びして取る とか、絵を描くとか、ハサミなどの道具
を使うとか、ありとあらゆる目的性のある動作を指します。
これら三つ;個人・環境・課題;が組み合わさって、
その子の運動スキル(技能)の習得と体力の向上の程度が決まります。
もう一度前回の図を示します。

では、運動のスキルとはどういうものか?次回にお話しましょう。
今日も読んでいただきありがとうございました。また明日。
(参考図書:「幼少年期の体育 発達的視点からのアプローチ」
デビッド・L・ガラヒュー 著、杉本隆 監訳、大修館書店、1999年)
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